\u0130ran Sanayi ve Maden Evi Ba\u015fkan\u0131 Seyyed Abd\u00fclvahab Sahlabadi \u015funlar\u0131 belirtti: “\u00dcretim ve sanayinin rekabet ko\u015fullar\u0131 elveri\u015fli de\u011fil ve tesislerdeki de\u011fi\u015fiklikler ile banka faiz oranlar\u0131n\u0131n d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcr\u00fclmesi \u015fu ana kadar \u00fcreticilere yard\u0131mc\u0131 olmad\u0131.”<\/p>\n
“Ne yaz\u0131k ki, \u015fu anda sunulan bu tesis miktar\u0131 \u00fcreticilere yard\u0131mc\u0131 olmuyor ve h\u00fck\u00fcmetten tesis miktar\u0131n\u0131 art\u0131rmas\u0131n\u0131 bekliyoruz” diye ekledi.<\/p>\n
Sahlabadi \u015funlar\u0131 ifade etti: “Beklentimiz, banka faiz oranlar\u0131n\u0131n enflasyonla birlikte d\u00fc\u015fmesidir ve mevduat sekt\u00f6r\u00fcndeki paralar\u0131n g\u00fcvensiz bankalara do\u011fru hareket etmemesini umuyoruz!” Sanayi ve Maden Evi Ba\u015fkan\u0131 \u015funlar\u0131 s\u00f6yledi: “\u00dclke genelindeki sanayi birimlerinin durumu iyi de\u011fil ve \u00e7o\u011fu kapasitelerinin y\u00fczde 30’unun alt\u0131nda \u00e7al\u0131\u015f\u0131yor.” Yapt\u0131r\u0131mlar\u0131n kald\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131ndan sonra sanayilerin plan\u0131n\u0131n ne oldu\u011fu sorusuna yan\u0131t olarak \u015funlar\u0131 ekledi: “Temmuz ay\u0131nda m\u00fczakerelerin sonu\u00e7lanmas\u0131 durumunda, sanayiciler \u00fcr\u00fcnlerinin maliyetini d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcrmeye ve kalitesini art\u0131rmaya \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmal\u0131d\u0131r.”<\/p>\n
\u015eunu netle\u015ftirdi: “\u00dclkeye mal girmesin diyemeyiz, ancak \u00fcreticiler i\u00e7in ko\u015fullar\u0131 kolayla\u015ft\u0131rmal\u0131 ve sanayinin omuzlar\u0131ndaki y\u00fck\u00fc kald\u0131rmal\u0131y\u0131z.”<\/p>\n
T\u00fcketim A\u015famas\u0131nda Katma De\u011fer Vergisi Toplanmas\u0131 \/ Enflasyonla Birlikte Banka Faiz Oranlar\u0131n\u0131 D\u00fc\u015f\u00fcrmenin Gereklili\u011fi<\/p>\n
Sahlabadi, \u00fcreticilerin ana sorununa de\u011finerek \u015funlar\u0131 s\u00f6yledi: “Farkl\u0131 a\u015famalarda ve \u00fcretim birimleri arac\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131yla katma de\u011fer vergisi toplamak do\u011fru de\u011fil. Bu konu meslek odalar\u0131 kanununda yer almas\u0131na ra\u011fmen hen\u00fcz uygulanmad\u0131.” \u015eunu vurgulad\u0131: “Katma de\u011fer vergisi yaln\u0131zca t\u00fcketim a\u015famas\u0131nda al\u0131nmal\u0131d\u0131r.” (Kaynak: ILNA, 5 May\u0131s 2015)<\/p>\n
\u00dclkenin \u00c7elik T\u00fcketimi ve 55 Milyon Ton \u00dcretim Hedefi<\/p>\n
Bug\u00fcne kadar g\u00fcndeme getirilenlere g\u00f6re, \u0130ran’\u0131n \u00e7elik sanayi stratejisi, 1404 y\u0131l\u0131 yani \u00f6n\u00fcm\u00fczdeki 10 y\u0131l i\u00e7inde 55 milyon ton \u00e7elik \u00fcretim kapasitesine ula\u015fmakt\u0131r. Bu hedefin ger\u00e7ekle\u015fip ger\u00e7ekle\u015fmemesinden ba\u011f\u0131ms\u0131z olarak, basit bir hesaplama ile bu 55 milyon ton \u00e7eli\u011fin tamam\u0131n\u0131n \u00fclke i\u00e7inde t\u00fcketilmesinin m\u00fcmk\u00fcn olmayaca\u011f\u0131 sonucuna var\u0131yoruz. Ge\u00e7en y\u0131l \u0130ran’da ki\u015fi ba\u015f\u0131na \u00e7elik t\u00fcketimi 200 kilogram\u0131n biraz \u00fczerindeydi ve de\u011ferli okuyucular\u0131m\u0131z\u0131n bilgisine sunar\u0131z ki, ekonomik refah\u0131n en iyi y\u0131llar\u0131nda bile 270 kilogram\u0131 a\u015fmam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. \u015eimdi, ekonomik refaha d\u00f6n\u00fcld\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn\u00fc ve ki\u015fi ba\u015f\u0131na 300 kilogram \u00e7elik t\u00fcketimi rekoruna ula\u015f\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 varsayarsak (ki bu, ABD’deki ki\u015fi ba\u015f\u0131na \u00e7elik t\u00fcketimine e\u015fittir) ve 1404 y\u0131l\u0131nda \u0130ran’\u0131n n\u00fcfusunun 90 milyon olaca\u011f\u0131n\u0131 hesaba katarsak, \u00fclke i\u00e7indeki \u00e7elik talebi 27 milyon ton olacakt\u0131r. E\u011fer ki\u015fi ba\u015f\u0131na \u00e7elik t\u00fcketimini Almanya, \u0130sve\u00e7 veya Avusturya gibi sanayile\u015fmi\u015f \u00fclkelerin mevcut t\u00fcketimi olan 400 kilogram olarak varsayarsak bile, \u00fclkenin toplam \u00e7elik t\u00fcketimi 36 milyon tonu a\u015fmayacak ve bu 55 milyon tonluk \u00fcretimin fazlas\u0131 ka\u00e7\u0131n\u0131lmaz olarak ihracat pazarlar\u0131na g\u00f6nderilmelidir.<\/p>\n
D\u00fcnyan\u0131n Farkl\u0131 B\u00f6lgelerindeki \u00c7elik T\u00fcketim Tahminleri (\u00d6n\u00fcm\u00fczdeki 2 Y\u0131l)<\/p>\n
D\u00fcnya \u00c7elik \u00dcreticileri Birli\u011fi, \u00f6n\u00fcm\u00fczdeki 2 y\u0131l i\u00e7in \u00e7elik t\u00fcketimindeki b\u00fcy\u00fcme tahminini en son raporunda yay\u0131nlad\u0131. 20 Nisan 2015 tarihinde yay\u0131nlanan bu rapora g\u00f6re, 2015 y\u0131l\u0131nda d\u00fcnya genelinde toplam g\u00f6r\u00fcn\u00fcr \u00e7elik t\u00fcketimi, bir \u00f6nceki y\u0131la g\u00f6re %0.5’lik bir b\u00fcy\u00fcme ile 1544 milyon tona ula\u015facak. Ayr\u0131ca, 2016 y\u0131l\u0131nda bu rakam\u0131n %1.4’l\u00fck bir b\u00fcy\u00fcme ile 1565 milyon tona ula\u015faca\u011f\u0131 tahmin edilmektedir. 2014 y\u0131l\u0131nda d\u00fcnya \u00e7elik t\u00fcketimindeki b\u00fcy\u00fcme bir \u00f6nceki y\u0131la g\u00f6re %0.6 olmu\u015ftur.<\/p>\n
D\u00fcnya \u00c7elik Birimlerinin Kullan\u0131lan Kapasitesi<\/p>\n
Ancak, \u00f6n\u00fcm\u00fczdeki 2 y\u0131l i\u00e7in d\u00fcnya \u00e7elik t\u00fcketimindeki %0.5 ve %1.4’l\u00fck b\u00fcy\u00fcme tahminlerinin yan\u0131 s\u0131ra, D\u00fcnya \u00c7elik Birli\u011fi taraf\u0131ndan her ay izlenen bir di\u011fer \u00f6nemli g\u00f6sterge de d\u00fcnya \u00e7elik birimlerinin kullan\u0131lan kapasitesidir. Son istatistiklere g\u00f6re, bu g\u00f6stergenin miktar\u0131 ge\u00e7en ay %71.6’ya ula\u015fm\u0131\u015f olup, bu da d\u00fcnya \u00e7elik sanayisinin tamam\u0131nda yakla\u015f\u0131k %30’luk bir bo\u015f kapasite oldu\u011fu anlam\u0131na gelmektedir. Dolay\u0131s\u0131yla, 2016 y\u0131l\u0131nda \u00e7elik t\u00fcketimindeki %1.4’l\u00fck b\u00fcy\u00fcme, d\u00fcnya \u00e7elik sanayisinin bo\u015f kapasitesine g\u00f6re \u00e7ok \u00f6nemsizdir ve bu durum, b\u00fcy\u00fck \u00e7elik \u00fcreticileri aras\u0131ndaki rekabeti daha da zorla\u015ft\u0131racakt\u0131r. Birka\u00e7 ayd\u0131r ba\u015flayan ve d\u00fcnya \u00e7elik fiyatlar\u0131nda da d\u00fc\u015f\u00fc\u015fe neden olan bir rekabet. \u0130ki y\u0131l \u00f6nceki ayn\u0131 ayda, d\u00fcnya \u00e7elik birimlerinin kullan\u0131lan kapasitesi yakla\u015f\u0131k %80 idi. Yani, d\u00fcnya \u00e7elik \u00fcreticilerinin bo\u015f kapasitesi artm\u0131\u015f olup, bu y\u0131lda 160 milyon ton \u00e7eli\u011fe e\u015fittir.<\/p>\n
\u00c7in’deki Ekonomik B\u00fcy\u00fcmenin Azalmas\u0131 ve \u00c7elik T\u00fcketimindeki D\u00fc\u015f\u00fc\u015f<\/p>\n
\u00c7in, d\u00fcnya \u00e7eli\u011finin yakla\u015f\u0131k yar\u0131s\u0131n\u0131 \u00fcretmekte ve t\u00fcketmektedir. Ge\u00e7mi\u015f y\u0131llarda, bu \u00fclkenin y\u0131ll\u0131k \u00e7elik \u00fcretimindeki b\u00fcy\u00fcme oran\u0131 %25’e kadar ula\u015fm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. \u00c7in’in \u00e7elik \u00fcretimi, 2000 y\u0131l\u0131nda 128 milyon tondan 2013 y\u0131l\u0131nda 780 milyon tonun \u00fczerine, yani 6 kat\u0131ndan fazlas\u0131na ula\u015farak \u015fa\u015f\u0131rt\u0131c\u0131 bir b\u00fcy\u00fcme g\u00f6stermi\u015ftir. Ancak, \u00c7in h\u00fck\u00fcmetinin son birka\u00e7 y\u0131ldaki ekonomik politikalar\u0131n\u0131 yeniden g\u00f6zden ge\u00e7irmesi ve bunun \u00f6zellikle \u00fclkenin konut ve in\u015faat piyasas\u0131 \u00fczerindeki etkisi nedeniyle, 1995’ten bu yana ilk kez 2014 y\u0131l\u0131nda \u00c7in’in \u00e7elik talebi d\u00fc\u015f\u00fc\u015f g\u00f6sterdi ve bir \u00f6nceki y\u0131la g\u00f6re %3.3 daha az kaydedildi. Bu d\u00fc\u015f\u00fc\u015f e\u011filiminin en az\u0131ndan k\u0131sa vadede de\u011fi\u015fmeden kalaca\u011f\u0131 tahmin edilmektedir, \u00f6yle ki \u00c7in’in \u00e7elik t\u00fcketiminin 2015 ve 2016 y\u0131llar\u0131nda da %0.5’lik negatif bir b\u00fcy\u00fcme g\u00f6stermesi beklenmektedir. Ayn\u0131 zamanda, orta vadede \u00c7in’in \u00e7elik t\u00fcketim oran\u0131nda pozitif bir s\u0131\u00e7rama olmas\u0131 beklenmemektedir. \u00c7in h\u00fck\u00fcmeti taraf\u0131ndan ekonomik politikalarda yap\u0131sal de\u011fi\u015fiklikler yap\u0131lmas\u0131 ka\u00e7\u0131n\u0131lmazd\u0131r, \u00e7\u00fcnk\u00fc \u00fclke yeni bir ekonomik b\u00fcy\u00fcme ve kalk\u0131nma d\u00f6nemine ge\u00e7i\u015f yapmakta olup, end\u00fcstriyel ve in\u015faat yap\u0131mlar\u0131n\u0131 azaltmakta, t\u00fcketim ve toplumun refah d\u00fczeyini y\u00fckseltmeye daha fazla \u00f6nem vermektedir. Ayn\u0131 zamanda, bu altyap\u0131 de\u011fi\u015fiklikleri zaman alacakt\u0131r. Bu nedenle, k\u0131sa vadede \u00c7in’deki geli\u015fmelerin d\u00fcnya \u00e7elik piyasalar\u0131n\u0131 etkileyece\u011fi ve \u00f6n\u00fcm\u00fczdeki bir veya iki y\u0131l i\u00e7inde \u00c7in’in 800 milyon tonluk \u00e7elik \u00fcretim fazlas\u0131n\u0131n \u00e7e\u015fitli \u00fclkelerin pazarlar\u0131na daha fazla ak\u0131n etmesine tan\u0131k olaca\u011f\u0131m\u0131z tahmin edilmektedir.<\/p>\n
A\u011f\u0131r Makinelerde Kullan\u0131m \u0130\u00e7in D\u00f6kme Ala\u015f\u0131ml\u0131 \u00c7elik Par\u00e7alar\u0131n A\u015f\u0131nma Direnci<\/p>\n
\u00d6zet:
\nBu makalede, a\u011f\u0131r makine par\u00e7alar\u0131 (g\u00f6vde ve kapak gibi) i\u00e7in d\u00fc\u015f\u00fck ala\u015f\u0131ml\u0131 d\u00f6kme \u00e7elik ve a\u011f\u0131r makine mafsallar\u0131n\u0131n pim ve bur\u00e7lar\u0131 i\u00e7in y\u00fcksek kromlu d\u00f6kme \u00e7elik olmak \u00fczere iki tip d\u00f6kme \u00e7eli\u011fin a\u015f\u0131nma direnci sonu\u00e7lar\u0131 ve incelemesi sunulmu\u015ftur. Bu ara\u015ft\u0131rmada, Polonya’daki Silesian Teknoloji \u00dcniversitesi D\u00f6k\u00fcm Fak\u00fcltesi’nde geli\u015ftirilen, pim ve disk a\u015f\u0131nma direncini \u00f6l\u00e7mek i\u00e7in geli\u015ftirilmi\u015f bir y\u00f6ntem de kullan\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
\u0130ran Sanayi ve Maden Evi Ba\u015fkan\u0131 Seyyed Abd\u00fclvahab Sahlabadi \u015funlar\u0131 belirtti: “\u00dcretim ve sanayinin rekabet ko\u015fullar\u0131 elveri\u015fli de\u011fil ve tesislerdeki de\u011fi\u015fiklikler ile banka faiz oranlar\u0131n\u0131n d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcr\u00fclmesi \u015fu ana kadar \u00fcreticilere yard\u0131mc\u0131 olmad\u0131.” “Ne yaz\u0131k ki, \u015fu anda sunulan bu tesis miktar\u0131 \u00fcreticilere yard\u0131mc\u0131 olmuyor ve h\u00fck\u00fcmetten tesis miktar\u0131n\u0131 art\u0131rmas\u0131n\u0131 bekliyoruz” diye ekledi. Sahlabadi \u015funlar\u0131 ifade […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":7,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[142],"tags":[143],"class_list":["post-11704","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category---tr","tag--tr"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/foladetehadtak.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/11704","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/foladetehadtak.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/foladetehadtak.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/foladetehadtak.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/7"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/foladetehadtak.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=11704"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/foladetehadtak.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/11704\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/foladetehadtak.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=11704"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/foladetehadtak.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=11704"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/foladetehadtak.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=11704"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}